Nutrition

Volume

Issue 2011

Abstracts

International Journal of Clinical Nutrition (IJCN) ISSN (India) 0971-9210, Url: https://ijcnworld.com/

A publication of the International College of Nutrition,

2011; Vol 11(1): 1-25

FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME: NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS AND MANAGEMENT

Ghizal Fatima1, Ammar Mehdi Raza2, Najah Hadi3, Afroz Abidi4

1Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India

2Department of Paedodontics, Career Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, India

3Department of Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

4Department of Pharmacology, Era University, Lucknow, India

Correspondence:

Dr. Ghizal Fatima

Department of Biotechnology,

Era University, Lucknow, India

Ghizalfatima8@gmail.com

Abstract

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a multi-factorial syndrome of unknown etiology, it is characterized by widespread pain, various psychological and somatic manifestations. In the management of FMS a multidisciplinary approach combining both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are required. (1) In non-pharmacological management, vast evidence suggests a potential beneficial role for nutrition. This paper summarizes the possible amalgamation in between nutrition and FMS, however, exploring the available evidence on the effect of dietary supplements and also the dietary interventions in FMS patients. Literature analysis has depicted that the role of dietary supplements still remains controversial, although clinical trials done with vitamin D, iron, magnesium and probiotics’ supplementation showed promising results in its management. (2) Furthermore, in dietary interventions, the supplementation of olive oil, the replacement diet with ancient grains, the gluten-free diet, low-calorie diets, the low FODMAPs diet, the monosodium glutamate diet and also the aspartame-free diet, vegetarian diets as well as the Mediterranean diet all appear to be equally effective and important in reducing the symptoms severity in patients with FMS. Moreover, these results may conclude that weight loss, along with the psychosomatic component of the disease, should be taken into account. Therefore, although dietary aspects appear to be a promising complementary approach in treating the patients of FMS, further research is needed to provide the most effective strategies for the management of FMS.

Key words: Nutrition, management,fibromyalgia, psychosomatic

How to cite: Fatima G, Ammar Mehdi Raza, Najah Hadi, Afroz Abidi Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Nutritional Interventions and Management. Int J Clin Nutrition. 2011; 11(1): 1-5.

References:

1-Abbas Ali Mahdi, Ghizal Fatima. A Quest for Better Understanding of Biochemical Changes in Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2014, Volume 29, Issue 1, pp 1-2.

2- Sidrah Parvez, Ghizal Fatima*, Wajdy Al-awaida, Yasmeen Ali Hussien, Sara Al tamam & Najah Hadi. Vitamin D: Implications in COVID-19. Lat. Am. J. Pharm. 40 (special issue): 23-6 (April 2021) ISSN 2362-3853.

 

NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION AND FIBROMYALGIA

Natalia Vaňova1, Najah Hadi2, Ghizal Fatima3, Ram B. Singh4

1Clinic of Internal medicine University of Pavol Jozef Šafarik, Košice and Hospital Agel Košice Šaca, Slovakia, Lúčna 57, 04018 Košice-Šaca nvanova@nke.agel.sk

2Department of Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

3Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India

4Department of Medicine, Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, Lucknow, India

Correspondence:

Dr. Natalia Vaňova

Clinic of Internal medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Šafarik,

Košice and Hospital Agel Košice Šaca,

 Slovakia, Lúčna 57, 04018 Košice-Šaca nvanova@nke.agel.sk

Abstract:

Imbalance in the dietary components in patients with FMS, including minerals and vitamins, can play a critical role in the development of the disease. In a survey conducted by Arranz and colleagues (1) revealed that 74% of the patients affected by FMS uses nutritional supplements for their health, and 60% of these FMS patients became users of these supplements after the onset of FMS. However, a recent meta-analysis revealed a small evidence to support the hypothesis that vitamin and mineral deficiencies may play a pertinent role in the development of FMS, or that the use of any nutritional supplements by these patients could be effective (2). Some evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation should be considered in the management of FMS in light of the fact that about 40% of FMS subjects have been reported with vitamin D deficiency (3). Regarding the mineral status, several studies have shown a decrease in intracellular magnesium content in FMS patients (4). Magnesium deficiencies were largely associated with low-grade inflammation, muscle weakness and paresthesia, which are typical symptoms of FMS (5). A recent study has shown that low dietary magnesium intake is correlated with worsening pain threshold parameters in FMS patients. Several dietary approaches have been proposed with the aim of reducing the symptomatology of FMS. Therefore, although dietary aspects appear to be a promising complementary approach to treat FM, further research is needed to improve the understanding of the disease and to provide the most effective strategies for managing FM syndrome.

Key words: Nutrition, Supplementation, Fibromyalgia, vitamin D

References:

1- Pandey CM, Chauhan A K, Tripathi R. Nutritional management of severe  mal-nutrition. Int J Clin Nutrition 2007; 7: 1-5.

2- Ghizal Fatima, Ammar Mehdi Raza, Najah Hadi, Afroz Abidi.      Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Nutritional Interventions and Management. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 3-4-2.

3- Sidrah Parvez, Ghizal Fatima, Siddharth Kumar Das, Israr Ahmad. Positive and negative association of vitamin d with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Era’s Journal of Medical Research. DOI:10.24041/ejmr2020.21.VOL-7.

4- Darlenska TH,  Kuzeva A, Handjiev S. The role of bee products in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Int J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 1-5. 

5- Singh M, Chibisov S, Singh RB, Halabi G, Horiuchi R, Takahashi T. Nutritional prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 6-10. 

How to cite: Natalia Vaňova, Najah Hadi, Ghizal Fatima, Ram B. Singh. Nutritional Supplementation and Fibromyalgia. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 3-4-2.

 

IS DEFICIENCY OF MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D A RISK IN FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME?

Rana Majeed Hameed1, Ghizal Fatima2, Jan Fedacko3

1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Iraq

2Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India

3Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence in Atherosclerosis Research, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia janfedacko@hotmail.com

Correspondence:

Dr. Rana Majeed Hameed

Department of Biochemistry, 7

College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Iraq

ranamajeed81@gmail.com

Abstract:

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, multifactorial syndrome characterized by widespread chronic pain and a constellation of somatic and psychological manifestations, including fatigue, joint stiffness, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety, gastrointestinal and cognitive disorders [1]. The majority of studies on Magnesium, calcium and vitamin-D showed a significant improvement in chronic pain, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, sleep pattern and gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, weight loss seems to be associated with both reduced inflammation and improved quality of life in FM subjects, thus suggesting that body weight could have a functional repercussion in these patients. Therefore, the fact that the improvement has been achieved through different dietary strategies may lead to the hypothesis that both weight loss and the psychosomatic component of the disease could have a major role in the disease. In addition, all of these diets are generally regarded as healthy dietary models, rich in plant foods, antioxidants or fiber, so the fact that people have experienced an improvement in symptoms after almost all dietary interventions suggests that an adequate diet could play a crucial role in the management of FM. However, these results should be interpreted with caution since the aforementioned studies present several biases that limit the robustness of the findings. First of all, most studies have a limited sample size with no possibility of blinding due to the nature of dietary intervention trials. Secondly, outcomes are often analyzed using different methodologies and without considering possible confounding factors. In addition, adherence to the assigned dietary intervention is hardly ever evaluated. Finally, a follow-up is almost never carried out to determine whether the positive effects are maintained over time or are only transient. Therefore, although dietary aspects appear to be a promising complementary approach to treat FM, further research is needed to improve the understanding of the disease and to provide the most effective strategies for managing FM syndrome. (2)

Key words: Deficiency, Magnesium, Calcium, Vitamin D, Fibromyalgia Syndrome

References:

1-Ghizal Fatima Siddharth Kumar Das Abbas Ali Mahdi Some oxidative and antioxidative parameters and their relationship with clinical symptoms in women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Int J Rheum Dis. 2015 Jul 14. 39-45.

2- Natalia Vaňova, Najah Hadi, Ghizal Fatima, Ram B. Singh. Nutritional Supplementation and Fibromyalgia. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 3-4.

How to cite:: Rana Majeed Hameed, Ghizal Fatima, Jan Fedacko. Is Deficiency of Magnesium, Calcium and Vitamin D a risk in Fibromyalgia Syndrome? International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 5-6

 

MEDITERRANEAN DIET AND FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME

Wajdy Al Awaida1, Ram B. Singh2, Ghizal Fatima3, Ammar Mehdi Raza4

1Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba, Jordan,

2Department of Medicine, Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, Lucknow, India

3Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India

4Department of Paedodontics, Career Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, India

Correspondence:

Dr. Wady Al-Awaida

Department of Biology and Biotechnology

American University of Madaba,

Madaba, Jordan  w.alawaida@aum.edu.jo

Abstract:

Very little evidence is available on the possible beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on FMS patients. A recent cross-sectional study of 95 FMS patients revealed that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was consistently amalgamated with the quantitative calcaneal ultrasound parameters, supporting the hypothesis that adherence to the Mediterranean diet may play a vital role in bone health in FMS women [1]. On the other hand, a recent study of 22 FMS patients revealed that a 16 week Mediterranean diet with or without high doses of magnesium and tryptophan led to several beneficial effects on emotional processing, like decreased fatigue, anxiety and depression, and reduced possible eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction, with significant greater improvements especially in the Mediterranean diet plus supplements group. Furthermore, alterations in the intestinal bacterial flora appear to be a contributing factor in many chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, including rheumatic diseases such as FMS, Michalsen and colleagues have tested the effect on the gut microbiota of interventions with the Mediterranean diet and a modified intermittent 8 day fasting regimen in 35 patients affected by Fibromyalgia [2]. Surprisingly, after 2 weeks and 3 months of follow-up, the authors found no significant changes in fecal bacteria counts following the two dietary interventions within and between groups. In addition, no significant differences appeared in the analysis of secretory immunoglobulin A or the symptomatology, suggesting that neither Mediterranean diet nor fasting treatments influenced the gut microbiota or symptoms in FMS patients [2]. Therefore, although dietary aspects appear to be a promising complementary approach to treat FM, further research is needed to improve the understanding of the disease and to provide the most effective strategies for managing FMS syndrome.

Key words: Mediterranean Diet, Fibromyalgia Syndrome, magnesium, tryptophan, supplements

References:

1- Singh RB, Rastogi SS, Niaz MA, Buttar HS, Fatima G, Global relevance of

functional foods security for health promotion and disease prevention. IJCN 2022; 22(1): 1-6.

2- Michalsen A., Riegert M., Lüdtke R., Bäcker M., Langhorst J., Schwickert M., Dobos G.J. Mediterranean diet or extended fasting’s influence on changing the intestinal microflora, immunoglobulin A secretion and clinical outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia: An observational study. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2005;5:22. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-5-22.

How to cite: Wajdy Al Awaida, Ram B. Singh, Ghizal Fatima, Ammar Mehdi Raza.

Mediterranean Diet and Fibromyalgia Syndrome. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 6-7

 

ROLE OF MAGNESIUM IN FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME

Jan Fedacko1, Ghizal Fatima2, Najah Hadi3

1Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence in Atherosclerosis Research, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia janfedacko@hotmail.com

2Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India

3Department of Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

Correspondence:

Najah Hadi

Department of Medicine,

Kufa University,

Kufa, Iraq

drnajahhadi@yahoo.com 

Abstract:

Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a common chronic pain disorder. It is the third most common rheumatic disorder after low back pain and osteoarthritis. FMS exhibits an immense burden at the individual and the society levels. Daily living activities of an individual can be profoundly impacted by FMS. The underlying etiology for FMS remains obscure.(1) While genetic and hormonal factors among others are thought to play a role in FMS patients, central sensitization is considered to be the main mechanism. (2) Magnesium is known to play an important role in the prevention of central sensitization by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in a voltage-dependent manner. Magnesium deficiency has been largely associated with muscle pain along with fatigue, sleep difficulties, and anxiety; all of which are common symptoms of FMS. In some studies, it is thought that magnesium deficiency, through reductions in muscle ATP levels, may play a role in the development of FMS. (3) Other studies correlate increased levels of substance P (a neurotransmitter known for its role in pain perception) with magnesium deficiency as well as pain intensity in FMS, raising the question of a possible correlation between magnesium deficiency and FMS. (4-5) while some estimates suggest that about half of the population in the United States consume inadequate amounts of magnesium, studies have shown that magnesium is one of the most widely used supplements by fibromyalgia patients. At the Mayo Clinic FMS treatment program, 2 studies (years 2003, 2017) were performed to evaluate the frequency and pattern of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in FMS patients. Both studies found that magnesium was one of the most frequently used supplements in FMS. This review aims to explore and summarize the possible relationship between magnesium and FMS in the literature and hence determine the validity of magnesium use in FMS.

Key words: Magnesium, Fibromyalgia Syndrome, symptoms, severity, supplement

References:

1-Abbas Ali Mahdi, Ghizal Fatima. A Quest for Better Understanding of Biochemical Changes in Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2014, Volume 29, Issue 1, pp 1-2.

2- Ghizal Fatima Siddharth Kumar Das Abbas Ali Mahdi Nar Singh Verma Faizan Haider Khan,Baby Anjum. Evaluating relationship in cytokines level and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised with Body Mass Index in women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2015 Jul 6. 145-9.

3- Rana Majeed Hameed, Ghizal Fatima, Jan Fedacko. Is Deficiency of Magnesium, Calcium and Vitamin D a risk in Fibromyalgia Syndrome?

4- Onsaard E, Takahashi T, Manal MA, Elkilany G, Hristova K, Moshiri K. The concept of

functional foods and functional farming: (4f) in the disease prevention and health promotion. IJCN 2022; 22,1: 28-33.

5- Becker S, Schweinhardt P.Dysfunctional neurotransmitter systems in fibromyalgia, their role in central stress circuitry and pharmacological actions on these systems. Pain Res Treat. 2012;2012:741746. doi:10.1155/2012/741746

How to cite: Jan Fedacko, Ghizal Fatima, Najah Hadi. Role of Magnesium in Fibromyalgia Syndrome. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, Volume 11(1) 6-7

Volume

Issue 2010-10

                                     Abstracts

International Journal of Clinical Nutrition (IJCN) ISSN (India) 0971-9210, Url: https://ijcnworld.com/

A publication of the International College of Nutrition,

2010; Vol 10(1): 1-25 

1.THE ROLE OF BEE PRODUCTS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CARDIOMETABOLIC DISORDERS.CLINICO-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY.

Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska(1), Aneliya Kuzeva(2), Svetoslav Handjiev(3)1,2Medical University of Sofia, 3Bulgaria; Bulgrian Association of the Study of Obesity and Related Diseases (BASORD); 

Correspondence:

Dr Svetoslav Handjiev,MD, PhD 1233 Sofia,  Krousha Planina Str.

Bulgaria; tel 00359888566420, Email: <svhandjiev@gmail.com> 

Abstract

Epidemiological studies indicate that cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) have become a worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality, despite tremendous advancement in drud therapy. Diet and lifestyle changes are important in the pathogenesis and prevention of these problems. Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)  is known to collect propolis which is a sticky, resinous material  from various plants and mix with wax and other secretions. There are several biological functions of propolis that have been reported including cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiviral, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and immune system stimulating. Propolis is widely used in popular medicine and apitherapy, with extensive use in food and beverages to improve health and prevent diseases in Estern European countries

Bee products are rich in flavonoids which are potential antioxidants. These antioxidants have been demonstrated to be protective against cardiometabolic disease (CMDs), cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.The aim of the article is to clarify the effect of bee products on the parameters of metabolism and the cardiovascular system in the management of obesity and metabolic disorders based on our studies in the past years.  The studies showed the effects of bee producs (propolis, multiflower honey, royal jelly and bee pollen) in the management of metabolic disorders by decreasing body mass index, obesity, blood pressures and blood lipoproteins. The results indicate that bee products can be administered in the treatment of obesity and early prevention of atherosclerosis and heart disease. 

Key words: apidietetics, propolis, multiflower honey, royal jelly, bee pollen, metabolic disorders, obesity. 

How to cite:. Darlenska TH,  Kuzeva A, Handjiev S. The role of bee products in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Int J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 1-5. 

Sergey Chibisov, mukta Singh, Ram B Singh (3),,Rie Horiuchi,,Toru Takahashi. Functional food security for prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In RB Singh, Toru Takahashi, RR Watson, Functional Food Security in Global Health. Elsevier, Chapter 8, Cambridge,USA 2018, 145-154.

2.NUTRITIONAL PREVENTION OF OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME.

Mukta Singh (1), Sergey Chibisov (2), Ram B Singh (3),Ghazi Halabi (4),Rie Horiuchi (5),Toru Takahashi (6), 2Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; 3Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India;4Medical 2000 Hospital, Choueifat, Labanon; 5Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya city, 6Graduate School of Human Environmental Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.

Correspondence

Dr. Sergey Chibisov, MD, PhD

Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology RUDN University,

Moscow, Russia, Email: <kalcna@mail.ru> , rbs@tsimtsoum.net, Tel. +7 926 47124 28 

Abstract

The world is still ignorant about the role of functional food security characterized by diversity and adequacy of nutrients that may have been beneficial and abundant in the Paleolithic diet 40,000 years ago because of food diversity. Therefore, the increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the resultant type 2 diabetes, hypertension and heart disease throughout the world, are closely linked to food security via westernized dietary patterns, physical inactivity, and rapid increase in the rate of obesity. Further, evidence from prospective observational studies and clinical trials has converged to support the importance of individual nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns in the prevention and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The quality of dietary fats and carbohydrates consumed is more crucial than the quantity of these nutrients. Diets rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, moderate in alcohol consumption, and lower in refined grains, red/processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages have demonstrated to reduce risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Several healthful dietary patterns emphasizing the overall diet quality can be adapted to appropriate personal and cultural food preferences and calorie needs for weight control and management. Considerable progress has been made in developing and implementing evidence-based nutrition recommendations in developed countries, however, concerted global efforts and policies are warranted to alleviate regional disparities. There is substantial evidence that increased intake of functional foods can bring about a significant decline in the epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome, resulting in to health promotion. We therefore propose that functional food security in conjunction with regular physical activity, can maintain the normal physiology and metabolism of the community, resulting in to decrease in the epidemic of obesity and improvement in world health.

Key Words. Foods, dietary patterns, western diet, prudent diet.

How to cite: Singh M, Chibisov S, Singh RB, Halabi G, Horiuchi R, Takahashi T. Nutritional prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 6-10. 

  1. NUTRITIONAL PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

Shantanu Singhal (1), Jan Fedacko (2),Dominik Pella (3), Krasimira Hristova (4),Meenakshi Jain(5), Ghazi Halabi(6) 1Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradbad, India; 2,3 PJ safari University, Kosice, Slovakia; 4University National Heart Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria; 5Max Hospital, Delhi, India; Halberg Cardiac Center, Aley, Labonon. 

Corresponding Author:

Prof Dr Jan Fedacko, MD, PhD, FICC,

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 

PJ Safaric University, Kosice, Slovakia.  janfedacko@hotmail.com; Tel: 421 911-315-924       

Abstract

It is possible that food diversity was the major factor causing adequacy of nutrients in the Paleolithic diet 40,000 years ago. Increased demand for food security has made the world blind about the utility and necessity of functional food security characterized with food diversity and adequacy of nutrients. The increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type2 diabetes throughout the world are closely linked to food security via westernized dietary patterns, physical inactivity, and rapid increase in the rates of obesity. The World Heart Federation, World Health Organization and the International College of Cardiology are working hard to find out strategy to bring down the death rates due to CVDs, at least 25% by 2025.There is substantial evidence that increased intake of functional foods can bring about a significant decline in the epidemic of CVDs and type 2 diabetes, resulting in health promotion. The traditional Mediterranean-style diet, characterized by high consumption of functional foods (vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fruits, nuts, and olive oil), moderate consumption of fish and wine, and low consumption of red and processed meat and whole-fat dairy products, is widely recognized as a healthy dietary pattern, rich in functional foods, which is similar to Paleolithic diet.  It is possible that functional food security by providing 400g/day of fruits (150g), vegetables (200g) and nuts (50-60g) and another 400g/day of pulses and whole grains, in conjunction with 30-50g of a blend of olive oil+ canola oil and rice bran oil as well as regular physical activity, can maintain the normal physiology and metabolism of our bodies, resulting into decline in CVDs. 

Key Words: Foods, dietary patterns, western diet, prudent diet.

How to cite: Shantanu Singhal (1), Jan Fedacko (2),Dominik Pella (3), Krasimira Hristova (4),Meenakshi Jain(5), Ghazi Halabi(6) nutritional prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Int J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 11-15.

  1. FUNCTIONAL FOOD SECURITY FOR PREVENTION OF DIABETES MELLITUS..

Anuj Maheshwari (1),Banshi Saboo (2), Shashank Joshi (3), Narsingh Verma (4), Viola Vargova (5), Dominik Pella (5),Daniel Pella (5) 1BBD, CODS, BBD University, Lucknow, 2Dia-Care and Hormone Institute, Ahamadabad, 3Leelawati Hospital, Mumbai; 4KG Medical University, Lucknow, India; 5Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safaric University, Kosice, Slovakia

Correspondence

Prof. Dr Anuj Maheshwari,MD, FRCP(London) Department of Medicine,BBD, CODS, BBD University, Lucknow (UP), India,dranujm@gmail.com,rbs@tsimtsoum.net,  Tel.91 9839133984

Abstract

The epidemic of diabetes mellitus has grown in parallel with the worldwide rise in obesity which is a potential risk factor of type 2 diabetes. Emergence of fast food restaurants  exponentially and globally  in recent decades appears to be important factor. This increased availability of fast foods has contributed to unhealthful diets with high calorie content; large portion sizes; and large amounts of processed meat, highly refined carbohydrates, sugary beverages, and unhealthy fats; trans fat, saturated fat and omega-6 fat with low omega-3 and monounsaturated fat. There has been a decreased consumption of vegetables, whole grains and nuts causing imbalance in food consumption pattern resulting in to obesity and diabetes. Fuctional food security by increased availability of vegetables, whole, grains and nuts, and a blend of oils containing olive oil and mustard oil may be useful in the prevention of diabetes.

Key Words. Vegetables, nuts, fruits, Mediterranean diet.

How to cite: Anuj Maheshwari (1),Banshi Saboo (2), Shashank Joshi (3), Narsingh Verma (4), Viola Vargova (5), Dominik Pella (5),Daniel Pella (5) Functional food security for prevention of  diabetes mellitus. Int J clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 16-20.

  1. EFFECT OF GLYCEMIC INDEX OF FOODS ON BIOMARKERS OF VASCULAR DISEASE. Mahmood Moshiri (1), Adrian Isaza (2), Kiarash Moshiri (3),Aminat Magamedova (4). 1,3International College of Nutrition, Thornhill, Canada; 2Everglade University, Tampa, USA; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 

Correspondence

Dr Amonat Magamedova, PhD

Lomonosov Moscow State University,

Moscow, Russia, Аминат Mагомедова <amgerma@gmail.com>

Abstract

In a randomized, clinical trial, it has been hypothesized that a low compared with a high glycemic index, especially of a high-carbohydrate diet, would cause modest though potentially important improvements in insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the findings were opposite. The study found out the short term adverse effects of high glycemic index foods, without taking healthful foods. Oxidation of LDL and HDL are also important determinants of atherothrombosis which need further evidence. The four diets were: (1) a high-glycaemic index (65% on the glucose scale), high-carbohydrate diet (58%); (2) a low-glycaemic index (40%), high-carbohydrate diet; (3) a high-glycaemic index, low-carbohydrate diet (40%); and (4) a low-glycaemic index, low-carbohydrate diet. Each diet was based on a healthful Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-type diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods, and low in saturated and total fat. It seems that they should have also included a sub group not taking healthful DASH type diet. The OmniCarb Randomized Clinical Trial showed that adding DASH diet can modulate the adverse effects of high glycemic index on coronary risk factors and insulin resistance. This interesting finding was that adding polyphenolics or fruit juice in the infant milk may provide super infant milk for future trials. It is well known that increased intake of rapidly absorbed ready prepared foods with high glycemic index cause hyperglycemia, increase in superoxide anion, free fatty acids and pro-inflammatory cytokines causing endothelial dysfunction which were not measured in this study. The high glycemic index foods may also increase sympathetic activity and lower parasympathetic activity causing increase in catecholamines and cortisol with a decrease in acetylecholine which may have adverse effects. In an experimental study, Western diet increased the heart rate, which was attenuated by adrenergic blockade suggesting an increased sympathetic activity. Reduced response to muscarinic blockade suggested a decreased parasympathetic activity fitting with sympathetic activation.

Key words. Rapidly absorbed food, refined CHO, nutrition, diet.

How to cite:. Mahmood Moshiri (1), Adrian Isaza (2), Kiarash Moshiri (3),Aminat Magamedova (4). Effect of glycemic index of foods on biomarkers of vascular disease. Int J Clin Nutrition 2010; 10: 21-25.